maltophilia ATCC 13637 were found to be cytotoxic to human lung epithelial cells. maltophilia secretes outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), that cause an inflammatory response. Дeliberate induction of inflammatory responses is the main pathogenic mechanisms of S. maltophilia colonization rates in individuals with cystic fibrosis have been increasing.

maltophilia is a growing source of latent pulmonary infections. maltophilia is a relatively unusual cause of pneumonia, urinary tract infection, or bloodstream infection in immunocompromised patients, however, S. maltophilia can be found in the flora of captive snakes. If, however, it is grown from sites which would be normally sterile (e.g., blood), then it usually represents true infection. maltophilia in microbiological cultures of respiratory or urinary specimens is difficult to interpret due to its low pathogenicity, and not a proof of infection. These changes arise due to diffusible signalling factor encoded by S. aeruginosa structures, causing development of extended filaments. maltophilia substantially influences the architecture of P. maltophilia frequently co-occurs and forms multispecies biofilms with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hydrophobicity was correlated to successful adhesion and biofilm formation on polystyrene surfaces. maltophilia adheres strongly and forms biofilm on plastic surfaces although these abilities may vary greatly between strains. Infection is usually facilitated by the presence of prosthetic material (plastic or metal), and the most effective treatment is removal of the prosthetic material (usually a central venous catheter or similar device). maltophilia frequently colonizes humid surfaces such as the tubes used in mechanical ventilation and indwelling urinary catheters as well as medical devices such as suction catheters and endoscopes.

Adherence of this organism to abiotic surfaces such as medical implants and catheters represents a major risk for hospitalized patients. It is also an emerging nosocomial pathogen associated with opportunistic infections in patients with cystic fibrosis, cancer, and HIV. maltophilia can lead to nosocomial infections. maltophilia is ubiquitous in aqueous environments, soil, and plants it has also been used in biotechnology applications. maltophilia is catalase-positive, oxidase-negative (which distinguishes it from most other members of the genus) and has a positive reaction for extracellular DNase. They are motile due to polar flagella, and grow well on MacConkey agar producing pigmented colonies. maltophilia is slightly smaller (0.7вЂ“1.8В Г— 0.4вЂ“0.7В Ојm) than other members of the genus. maltophilia was also grouped in the genus Xanthomonas before eventually becoming the type species of the genus Stenotrophomonas in 1993. Initially classified as Bacterium bookeri, then renamed Pseudomonas maltophilia, S. It is an uncommon bacterium and human infection is difficult to treat.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an aerobic, nonfermentative, Gram-negative bacterium. Xanthomonas maltophilia (Hugh 1981) Swings et al. Pseudomonas maltophilia ( ex Hugh and Ryschenkow 1961) Hugh 1981

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